DOI: 10.19830/j.upi.2020.053
A Study on the Planning Strategies in the Urban Shrinkage of Japan Under the Background of Low Fertility Rate and Aging

Shen Yao, Zhu Hongfei, Liu Menghan, Kinoshita Isami

Keywords: Low Fertility Rate; Aging Population; Urban Shrinkage; Japan; Identity; Sustainability

Abstract:

After World War II, Japanese cities experienced three periods of “urbanization society - urban society - urban shrinkage” with their laws and methods of urban planning changed. Summarizing the transformation of relevant planning laws, types of urban transformation and urban spatial problems in the stage of urban shrinkage in Japan, this paper focuses on the analysis of Japanese spatial planning strategies from the perspective of countermeasures for solving problems of aging and low fertility rate in the macroscopic, medium and microcosmic levels. In the macroscopic level, it mainly introduces the system of parenting support, the transformation of planning method and upper planning of supporting system for the aged population. In the medium level, it introduces the new urban design methods aiming at the identity and sustainability of the public space. In the microcosmic level, it introduces planning experience which faces space specific problems in the area of the public childcare support facilities, the old and young living areas, the empty house activation plan and the streets renaissance strategy in recent years. Finally, this paper summarises the experience that China can refer to in the stage of urban shrinkage from macroscopic, medium and microcosmic levels after comparing the recent trends of aging and declining birth-rate in China.

Funds:

Brief Info of Author(s):

References:
  • [1] 角松生史. 縮小都市と法[J]. 新世代法政策学研究(日), 2012, 16: 243-263.

    [2] 栾志理, 栾志贤. 城市收缩时代的适应战略和空间重构——基于日本网络型紧凑城市规划[J]. 热带地理, 2019, 39(1): 37-49.

    [3] 李国平. 均衡紧凑网络型国土空间规划——日本的实践及其启示[J]. 资源科学, 2019, 41(9): 1610-1618.

    [4] 栾志理. 人口减少时代日本九州市应对老龄化社会的公共交通规划及启示[J]. 上海城市规划, 2018(2): 76-83.

    [5] 佐藤徹治, 王也. 日本的友好型城市政策——精明收缩与城市交通开发策略[J]. 城市建筑, 2018(12): 32-40.

    [6] 菲利普·奥斯瓦尔特. 收缩的城市[M]. 上海: 同济大学出版社, 2012: 83-97.

    [7] 田中廣滋. 縮小都市とグローバル都市の仮説と東京圏の都市構造変革(伊東維年教授退職記念号)[J]. 熊本学園大学経済論集, 2017, 23(1): 139-158.

    [8] 卢峰, 杨丽婧. 日本小城镇应对人口减少的经验——以日本北海道上士幌町为例[J]. 国际城市规划, 2019, 34(5): 117-124. DOI: 10.22217/upi.2018.256.

    [9] 北海道上士幌町. 上士幌町人口ビジョン及び総合戦略[EB/OL]. (2019-6-26)[2019-12-07]. ttps://www.kamishihoro.jp/page/00000224.

    [10] 小林秀樹. 縮小社会における都市·家族·住まいのゆくえ[J]. 住総研研究論文集, 2012, 38: 5-21.

    [11] 桑子敏雄. 環境の哲学: 日本の思想を現代に活かす[M]. 講談社, 1999.

    [12] 後藤春彦, 佐久間康富, 田口太郎. まちづくりオーラル· ヒストリー「役に立つ過去」を活かし、「懐かしい未来」を描く[M]. 东京: 水曜社, 2005.

    [13] 岡部明子. 縮小都市論[J]. 住宅総合研究財団研究論文集, 2010, 36: 5-17.

    [14] 笹川拓也. 地域社会における子育て支援の現状と課題: 子育て支援制度の変遷と子育て家庭の現状について[J]. 川崎医療短期大学紀要, 2014(34): 13-18.

    [15] 池本美香. 子ども· 子育て支援新制度の課題:海外の子育て支援の動向をふまえて[J]. 小児保健研究, 2015, 74(6): 797-799.

    [16] 尹文清, 罗润东. 老龄化背景下日本养老模式创新与借鉴[J]. 浙江学刊, 2016(1): 174-179.

    [17] 王彦军, 张佳睿. 日韩应对人口老龄化对策的经验及启示[J]. 人口学刊, 2015, 37(6): 76-84.

    [18] 康越. 日本社区嵌入式养老发展历程及其经验[J]. 北京联合大学学报(人文社会科学版), 2017, 15(4): 110-117.

    [19] 内閣府. 高齢社会対策大綱[EB/OL]. (2018-11-20)[2019-11-17]. https://www8.cao.go.jp/kourei/measure/taikou/a_7_1.htm#2,%202012.

    [20] 封婷. 日本老龄政策新进展及其对中国的启示[J]. 人口与经济, 2019(4): 79-93.

    [21] 木下勇, 汉斯宾德, 冈部明子. 城市“缩小”时代的再开发方向—识别性与可持续性[M]. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 2018: 76-110.

    [22] 国土交通省. 都市のスポンジ化に関する論点[EB/OL]. (2017-02)[2019-07-05]. https://www.mlit.go.jp/common/001180306.pdf.

    [23] 近藤桂司. 学生の居住による中心市街地活性化[J]. 都市経営, 2013(2): 15-22.


TOP 10