Chen Yong, Wu Hao

Keywords： San Antonio; Riverwalk; Waterfront; Urban Revitalization; Elements Integration; Multilateral Cooperation

Abstract：

Many cities grow upon rivers. Local spatial morphology, living patterns and cultural characteristics were formed based on the long-term interaction between inhabitants and natural rivers. The Riverwalk in San Antonio in the United States is a prosperous and green open place that was transformed from a flood control channel. During its development process, the river catalyzes inner city revitalization and gives full play of the comprehensive values of ecology, landscape and leisure. It has become a paradigm of the contemporary conservation of small or medium-scale riverfront spaces. By reviewing the evolution of the San Antonio River and the Riverwalk, this paper investigates Riverwalk’s design concepts and development strategies from the perspectives of functional transformation, local cultural inheritance, and natural habitat restoration. The success of its development owed to five essential aspects, which are spatial form design, land use organization, waterfront construction, interactive development, and cooperative development mechanism. Under the background of urban renewal, the current practices of comprehensive river management, river vitality recovery, and river functional transformation in Chinese cities could be enlightened from this study.

Funds：

• [1] FISHER L F. River walk: the epic story of San Antonio’s river[M]. San Antonio: Maverick Books, 2006.

  [2] Twenty-five year distinguished building award[OL]. (2005-01-01)[2019-02-19].https://aiasa.org/engage/committees/historic-resources/.

  [3] ZUNKER V G A. Dream come true: Robert Hugman and San Antonio’s river walk[M]. San Antonio: VG Zunker, 1994.

  [4] 张庭伟, 冯晖, 彭治权. 城市滨水区设计与开发[M]. 上海: 同济大学出版社, 2002.

  [5] COX I W. The Spanish acequias of San Antonio[M]. San Antonio: Maverick Publishing Company, 2005.

  [6] HABIG M A. The Alamo mission: San Antonio de Valero, 1718-1793[M]. Chicago: Franciscan Herald Press, 1977.

  [7] OLMSTED F L. A journey through Texas; or, a saddle-trip on the southwestern frontier; with a statistical appendix[M]. New York: Dix, Edwards, 1857.

  [8] FISHER L F. Crown jewel of Texas: the story of San Antonio’s river[M]. San Antonio: Maverick Publishing Company, 1997.

  [9] DORIS D. Interview with Robert H. H. Hugman, 1977[Z]. University of Texas at San Antonio, 1977. http://digital.utsa.edu/cdm/ref/collection/p15125coll4/id/1295.

  [10] SKAAREN W. A special place: the San Antonio river[Z]. Project CITYSCAPE, Austin, 1977.

  [11] HUGMAN R. A speech delivered by Robert H. H. Hugman to the San Antonio historical association[R]. San Antonio: University of Texas, 1975.

  [12] LOVELACE E. Harland Bartholomew: his contributions to American urban planning[M]. Urbana: University of Illinois Department of Urban and Regional Planning, 1993.

  [13] San Antonio River Walk Commission. Peaso del Rio master plan by San Antonio chapter AIA[A]. San Antonio: David Straus Papers, University of Texas, 1964.

  [14] Harrison Price Company. A study of historic development of San Antonio’s river walk[R]. San Antonio: Harrison Price Company, 1994.

  [15] HOLMESLY S. Hemisfair’68 and the transformation of San Antonio[M]. San Antonio: Maverick Publishing Company. 2003.

  [16] City of San Antonio. River corridor feasibility study, 1972[A]. City of San Antonio, Public Works Department Records, 1916-1985, San Antonio Municipal Archives, University of Texas at San Antonio.

  [17] San Antonio River oversight committee fact sheet[OL]. (2014-11-15)[2019-02-19]. https://www.sanantonioriver.org/river_os_comm/SAROC_Fact_Sheet.pdf.

  [18] SWA. San Antonio river improvements project concept design[OL]. (2001-07-01)[2019-02-19]. https://www.sanantonioriver.org/documents/sarip_design_guidelines.pdf.

  [19] San Antonio river brochure[OL]. [2019-02-19]. http://www.sedl.org/pubs/a-special-place/brochure.html.

  [20] HUGMAN R. Shop of Aragon and Romula[R]//ZUNKER VG. A dream come true: robert hugman and San Antonio’s river walk. San Antonio: VG Zunker, 1994.

  [21] MANN R B. Ten trends in the continuing renaissance of urban waterfronts[J].Landscape and urban planning, 1988. 16(1/2): 177-199.

  [22] ROBERT H H. Hugman (1902-1980) Drawings[A]. 1938-1939, San Antonio River Walk, San Antonio, Texas, the Architectural Drawings Collection, The Alexander Architectural Archives, the General Libraries, The University ofTexas at Austin.

  [23] LOMAX L. San Antonio’s river[M]. San Antonio: Naylor Company, 1948.

  [24] RILEY A L. Restoring streams in cities: a guide for planners, policymakers,and citizens[M]. Washington, DC: Island Press, 1998.

  [25] 卓健, 孙源铎. 社区共治视角下公共空间更新的现实困境与路径[J]. 规划师, 2019. 35(3): 5-10,50.