Zhou Kebin, Shi Haochen, Wang Shifu, Liu Yao

Keywords： Innovation District; Urban Industrial Area; Transformation; Regeneration; “SNAP” Conceptual Model

Abstract：

With technologic reshaping to development logic of urban society and economic, large numbers of existing urban industrial areas show the trend of functional and spatial innovation. This trend integrates the innovation economy as well as activities and gives birth to a new urban space mode “innovation block”, which has occurred in many urban areas. Thereby, through reviewing the literature and practical reports of innovation districts, the paper concludes a conceptual model “SNAP” to describe the mechanism of regeneration from traditional industrial parks to innovative districts. Furthermore, a quantitative verification of “SNAP” conceptual model is conducted through the literature analyses of typical regeneration cases. Specifically, the “SNAP” model consists of four pre-defined dimensions, including innovation space, innovation activities, innovation network and innovation policy, which aims to describe the inner mechanism of industrial upgrading, spatial improvement and vitality stimulation. This model also provides a theoretical reference for the regeneration of many existing urban industrial areas in China under the background of innovation economy.

Funds：

• [1] 王缉慈. 创新的空间——产业集群与区域发展[M]. 北京: 科学出版社 , 2019.

  [2] HUTTON T A. The new economy of the inner city: restructuring, regeneration and dislocation in the twenty-first century metropolis[M]. New York: Routledge, 2010．

  [3] FLORIDA R. Startup city: the urban shift in venture capital and high technology[M]. Toronto: Martin Prosperity Institute, 2014.

  [4] KATZ B. The rise of innovation districts: a new geography of innovation in America[M]. New York: Metropolitan Policy Program at Brookings, 2014.

  [5] VON HIPPEL E. Democratizing innovation: the evolving phenomenon of user innovation[J]. Journal für Betriebswirtschaft, 2005, 55(1): 63-78.

  [6] CHESBROUGH H W. Open innovation: the new imperative for creating and profiting from technology[M]. Brighton: Harvard Business Press, 2003.

  [7] CHESBROUGH H W, VANHAVERBEKE W, WEST J. Open innovation: researching a new paradigm[M]. Oxford: Oxford University Press on Demand, 2006.

  [8] EDWARD L G, WILLIAM R K, GIACOMO A M P. Clusters of entrepreneurships[J]. Journal of urban economics, 2010, 67(1): 150-168.

  [9] 张杰, 霍晓卫, 季翔, 等. 既有城市工业区功能提升与改造规划设计方法研究2018年度技术进展报告[R]. 2019.

  [10] 严若谷, 周素红. 产业升级背景下的城市存量产业用地再开发问题与路径[J]. 上海城市规划, 2015(3): 20-24, 54.

  [11] 张松. 上海黄浦江两岸再开发地区的工业遗产保护与再生[J]. 城市规划学刊, 2015(2): 102-109.

  [12] 邓智团. 创新型企业集聚新趋势与中心城区复兴新路径——以纽约硅巷复兴为例[J]. 城市发展研究 , 2015, 22(12): 51-56.

  [13] ANGELO B, DIANE-GABRIELLE T. 22@ and the innovation district in Barcelona and Montreal: a process of clustering development between urban regeneration and economic competitiveness[J]. Urban studies research, 2011, 2011(6): 535-537.

  [14] HOLGERSEN S, HAARSTAD H. Class, community and communicative planning: urban redevelopment at King’s Cross, London[J]. Antipode, 2009, 41(2): 348-370.

  [15] WHITEHEAD R, VANDORE E, NATHAN M. A tale of tech city[M]. London: Centre for London, 2012.

  [16] ARIELLA C. The development of Boston’s innovation district: a case study of cross-sector collaboration and public entrepreneurship[R]. 2015.

  [17] TILGER S. Contesting green lifestyles in the emerald city: the urban sustainability fix to capitalism and the production of exclusion in south lake union, Seattle[R]. 2014.

  [18] ESMAEILPOORARABI N, YIGITCANLAR T, GUARALDA M. Place quality in innovation clusters: an empirical analysis of global best practices from Singapore, Helsinki, New York, and Sydney[J]. Cities, 2018, 74: 156-168.

  [19] PIQUE J M, MIRALLES F, TEIXEIRA C S, et al. Application of the triple helix model in the revitalization of cities: the case of Brazil[J]. International journal of knowledge-based development, 2019, 10(1): 43.

  [20] 王丽艳, 薛颖, 王振坡. 城市更新、创新街区与城市高质量发展[J]. 城市发展研究, 2020, 27(1): 67-74.

  [21] 解永庆, 张婷, 刘涛. 创—城—人融合的创新城区规划经验与启示——以匹兹堡上城区为例[J]. 城市发展研究, 2019, 26(2): 16-23.

  [22] 张婷, 解永庆, 刘涛. 创新城区导向的城市更新策略：分析框架与国际经验[J]. 上海城市规划, 2019(5): 123-128.

  [23] 张尚武, 陈烨, 宋伟, 等. 以培育知识创新区为导向的城市更新策略——对杨浦建设“知识创新区”的规划思考[J]. 城市规划学刊, 2016(4): 62-66.

  [24] 李健. 创新驱动城市更新改造：巴塞罗那普布诺的经验与启示[J].城市发展研究, 2016, 23(8): 45-51.

  [25] 任俊宇, 刘希宇. 美国“创新城区”概念、实践及启示[J]. 国际城市规划, 2018, 33(6): 49-56. DOI: 10.22217/upi.2017.093.

  [26] 苏宁. 美国大都市区创新空间的发展趋势与启示[J].城市发展研究, 2016, 23(12): 50-55.

  [27] EISENHARDT K M. Building theories from case study research[J]. Academy of Management Review, 1989, 14(4): 532-550.

  [28] 邓智团, 陈玉娇. 创新街区的场所营造研究[J]. 城市规划, 2020, 44(4): 22-30.

  [29] KATZ B, WAGNER J. The rise of urban innovation districts[J/OL]. Harvard Business Review, 2014-11-12[2020-09-22]. https://hbr.org/2014/11/the-rise?of-urban-innovation-districts.

  [30] 邓智团. 创新街区研究：概念内涵、内生动力与建设路径[J]. 城市发展研究, 2017, 24(8): 42-48.

  [31] 邓智团. 国际高新企业为何流行“搬回市区”[J]. 理论导报, 2017(3): 47-48.

  [32] 李健, 屠启宇. 创新时代的新经济空间：美国大都市区创新城区的崛起[J]. 城市发展研究 , 2015, 22(10): 85-91.

  [33] 刘帅. 基于“创新街区”理念的产业园区发展模式研究[J].上海城市规划, 2020(1): 93-98.

  [34] NSW Department of Planning, Industry and Environment. Macquarie park: destination innovation[R]. 2016.

  [35] ESMAEILPOORARABI N, YIGITCANLAR T, GUARALDA M, et al. Evaluating place quality in innovation districts: a Delphic hierarchy process approach[J]. Land use policy, 2018, 76: 471-486.

  [36] ESMAEILPOORARABI N, YIGITCANLAR T, KAMRUZZAMAN M, et al. Conceptual frameworks of innovation district place quality: an opinion paper[J]. Land use policy, 2020, 90: 104166.

  [37] YUN J H, ZHAO X, YIGITCANLAR T, et al. Architectural design and open innovation symbiosis: insights from research campuses, manufacturing systems, and innovation districts[J]. Sustainability, 2018, 10(12): 4495.

  [38] MINJEE K. Spatial qualities of innovation districts: how third places are changing the innovation ecosystem of Kendall Square[D]. Massachusetts: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015.

  [39] ANNE T, ROBERT M. Initiative on innovation and placemaking. assessing your innovation district: a how-to guide[R]. 2018.

  [40] GREENBERG S, AUSTIN A. The innovation zone building collaborative capacity[R]. 2015.

  [41] MORISSON A, BEVILACQUA C. Balancing gentrification in the knowledge economy: the case of Chattanooga’s innovation district[J]. Urban research and practice, 2019, 12(4): 472-492.

  [42] ESMAEILPOORARABI N, YIGITCANLAR T, KAMRUZZAMAN M, et al. How can an enhanced community engagement with innovation districts be established? evidence from Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane[J]. Cities, 2020, 96: 102430.

  [43] FRITZ W, TIMOTHY E J, ANTHONY J M. Urban revitalization: policies and programs[M]. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications, Incorporated, 1995.

  [44] 任俊宇, 胡晓亮, 于璐璐. 创新驱动的“产城创”融合发展模式探索[J]. 规划师, 2018, 34(9): 94-99.