龙瀛 黄晓春 张永平 何莲娜 程辉

Long Ying, Huang Xiaochun, Zhang Yongping, He Lianna, Cheng Hui

关键词：规划支持系统；框架；城乡规划；北京

Keywords：Planning Support System (PSS); Framework; Urban and Rural Planning; Beijing

摘要：

近年来，规划支持系统（PSS: Planning Support System）引起了学者和决策者的广泛关注，但已有研究多集中于单一系统（如What if?，CommunityViz 和INDEX等）的设计、开发和应用，还未提出一个能综合考虑不同城乡规划类型的PSS框架。在广泛的文献调研和多轮针对规划师、决策者的问卷调查和访谈后，提出了一个涵盖国内各项规划（如总体规划、详细规划、市政基础设施建设规划和交通规划等）的PSS框架。该框架针对城乡规划的编制和评估两方面，将规划支持系统分为三类，即方法、软件和模型，逐项列出了每项规划的内容和与之相关的PSS。截至投稿，该框架已在北京城市规划设计研究院进行数月的实践，产生了数百次的应用请求，并取得了较好的实际效果，证明其能够促进规划信息化由数据服务向知识服务扩展。

Abstract：

Planning support system (PSS) has attracted extensive attention from scholars and decision makers for decades. Most of the existing research on PSS is related to system design,implementation, application as well as evaluation of a standalone system in one area, e.g. What if?, CommunityViz and INDEX. There is no existing research on an entire framework of PSS for various types of plans. In this paper, we propose a PSS framework for several types of city plans in China, e.g. master plan, detailed plan, municipal infrastructure plan and transport plan. Based on an extensive literature review and multiple rounds of planners and decision makers surveys, the framework we proposed focuses on two aspects. On the one hand, we itemize plan contents (termed as “plan elements”) into various steps for each type of plan, e.g. population forecasting and establishing urban growth boundaries in a master plan. On the other hand, we list related PSSs for each plan element. In our research, PSSs embody three forms, which are existing PSS software (e.g. What if? and INDEX), planning support models to be developed or already developed as well as quantitative methods (e.g. scenario analysis, systems analysis, and logistic regression). The two dimensional framework provides a full picture of PSS applications in various types of plans. The framework has been applied in the Beijing Institute of City Planning (BICP) for several months till the submission of this manuscript, and has attracted hundreds of application requests from planners in the Institute.

龙瀛，博士，清华大学建筑学院，副研究员；清华大学恒隆房地产研究中心，研究员。ylong@tsinghua.edu.cn

黄晓春，北京市城市规划设计研究院规划信息中心主任，教授级高级工程师

张永平（通信作者），伦敦大学学院高级空间分析研究中心，博士研究生。zhangyongping2112@gmail.com

何莲娜，北京市城市规划设计研究院工程师

程辉，北京市城市规划设计研究院工程师

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