盛明洁

Sheng Mingjie

关键词：邻里效应；欧美城市；弱势群体

Keywords：Neighborhood Effects; Euramerican Cities; Vulnerable Groups

摘要：

伴随着欧美城市社会空间分异的加剧，城市中不同群体隔离与聚集产生的社会效应引起了学者的关注，邻里效应因此成为欧美城市研究的热点之一。所谓邻里效应，是指邻里的某些特征会对当地居民的社会经济结果产生影响，对弱势群体尤甚。当前在全球化和市场化改革不断深入的背景下，中国城市中也正出现相似的社会空间分异趋势，而国内学术界对邻里效应的讨论较少。为此，本文基于对近年来欧美学界邻里效应实证研究的回顾，梳理邻里效应对居民的就业结果、邻里满意度、迁居意愿和行为的影响机制，并对邻里效应的研究方法进行初步讨论，以期为正在发展的中国城市居住空间分异问题提供理论解释，并为中国邻里效应实证研究提供一些启示。

Abstract：

The socio-spatial differentiation in Euramerican cities has been increasing recently, and the effect of concentration/segregation of certain groups has attracted much attention from the academic world. As a result, there has been increasing discussion on the neighborhood effect, which refers to the impact of neighborhoods’ characteristics on individuals’ socioeconomic outcomes. Nowadays, accompanied by the deepening of globalization and market reform, many Chinese cities are also faced with the similar socio-spatial differentiation trend. However, little academic attention has been paid to the neighborhood effect. This paper reviews the recent empirical research on neighborhood effects within the context of Euramerican cities, illustrates how the neighborhood can have effects on individual’s employment outcomes, neighborhood satisfaction, and moving intention/behaviors, as well as discusses the research methods of neighborhood effects. It is believed that this paper will provide some implications for neighborhood effect research in China.

盛明洁，天津大学建筑学院，讲师。roseroseroseming@hotmail.com

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