罗震东 宋彦

Luo Zhendong, Song Yan

关键词：土地使用规划；学科知识；演进；美国

Keywords：Land Use Planning; Disciplinary Knowledge; Evolution; The USA

摘要：

美国的土地使用总体规划作为指导城市综合发展的全局性规划，在二战以后逐步发展完善，形成集规划设计、公共政策与增长管理于一体的综合规划。土地使用规划在70 年的时间里经历了规划理论巨变、支持系统基本不变以及规划编制方法渐变的历程。进入21世纪，随着全球气候变化、金融危机以及恐怖主义等各种威胁的加剧，可持续发展的重要性日益提升，土地使用规划开始出现新的发展趋势。韧性、系统思维、社区参与、公平、适应以及关注实施等理念开始成为土地使用规划追求的目标。梳理美国土地使用规划的演化过程与趋势，对于思考中国城乡规划转型以及“多规合一”的实施具有积极意义。

Abstract：

As the comprehensive urban planning in the USA, land use planning was gradually improved and came into be a Hybrid Plan which integrates design, policy and management since World War II. In the past 70 years, there are different kinds of development in the constituent parts of land use planning. Dramatic changes appeared in the part of planning theory, and gradual improvement continued emerging in the part of planning methodology, but none basic adjustment has happened in the part of planning support system. In the 21st century, the importance of sustainable development increasingly arises, coupled with the aggravation of global climate change, financial crisis and terrorism, then some new trends come to emerge in the field of land use planning. The concepts of resilience, systems thinking, community engagement, equity, implementation and adaptation begin to be the targets which land use planning pursuits. Therefore, this research intends to give some implications to the transformation of urban planning in China, based on the revisiting to the evolution of land use planning in the USA.

罗震东，南京大学建筑与城市规划学院，教授；北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校访问学者；中国城市规划学会城市总体规划学术委员会委员。luozhendong@nju.edu.cn
宋彦，北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校城市与区域规划系，教授；北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校中国城市研究中心主任；国际中国城市规划学会（ICPA）主席

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