袁兴中 杜春兰 袁嘉 王晓锋 熊森 黄亚洲 刘杨靖 高磊

Yuan Xingzhong, Du Chunlan, Yuan Jia, Wang Xiaofeng, Xiong Sen, Huang Yazhou, Liu Yangjin, Gao Lei

关键词：消落带；生态系统设计；生态实践；协同共生；汉丰湖；三峡库区

Keywords：Littoral Zone; Ecosystem Design; Ecological Practice; Synergistic Symbiosis; Hanfeng Lake; The Three Gorges Reservoir Area

摘要：

三峡水库蓄水后水位季节性波动给消落带带来了极大的环境胁迫，包括对水库自然环境的不利影响和对库区移民生存质量的影响。本文以三峡库区重庆开州区汉丰湖为例，基于协同进化、协同共生及水敏性设计等生态学原理，针对汉丰湖水位变化特点，将汉丰湖消落带作为一个整体生态系统，进行了消落带生态修复设计及工程实践。9 年的观测研究表明，人与自然合作进行的汉丰湖消落带生态系统设计及营建，发挥了地表径流水质净化、生物多样性保育、稳定湖岸、美化景观等多种生态服务功能。不同水位时期优美的消落带及滨湖景观，为开州城区居民提供了良好的休闲、观赏、游憩场所，这个移民城市的人居环境质量得到了不断优化和改善。由于充分吸纳了原住民对消落带及滨水空间的良好意愿，使得消落带生态修复及景观优化这一生态实践活动融入开州城区这个社会大系统中，成为社会系统和谐的重要组成部分，从而实现了人与自然协同共生之舞的目标。

Abstract：

The seasonal fluctuation of the water level in the Three Gorges reservoir (TGR) has brought great environmental stresses to the littoral zone, including adverse effects on the natural environment of the reservoir and the life quality of migrants in the reservoir area. Taking Hanfeng Lake in Kaizhou District of Chongqing in TGR as an example, based on the principles of co-evolution, symbiosis and water sensitive design, and aiming at the characteristics of water level variation of Hanfeng Lake, the research took the fluctuation zone of Hanfeng Lake as a whole ecosystem, and carried out ecological restoration design of the fluctuation zone and ecological engineering practice. The observation and study lasting nine years show that the ecosystem design and construction in the littoral zone of Hanfeng Lake, carried out by human and nature cooperation, has played a variety of ecological service functions, such as surface runoff water purification, biodiversity conservation, lakeside stabilization, landscape beautification and so on. The beautiful littoral zone and lakeside landscape at different water levels provide a good place for leisure, sightseeing and recreation for the residents of Kaizhou city. The quality of human settlements in this immigrant city has been continuously optimized and improved. As a result of fully absorbing the good will of the aborigines to the littoral zone and waterfront space, the ecological practice of ecological restoration and landscape optimization of littoral zone and waterfront zone have been integrated into the social system of Kaizhou city, becoming an important part of the harmony of social system, thus realizing the goal of the co-existence dance of human and nature.

袁兴中（通信作者），重庆大学资源及环境科学学院教授、博士生导师，长江上游湿地科学研究重庆市重点实验室主任，重庆千洲生态研究院名誉院长。1072000659@qq.com

杜春兰，重庆大学建筑城规学院教授，重庆大学山地城镇建设与新技术教育部重点实验室

袁嘉，英国谢菲尔德大学景观学院博士，重庆大学建筑城规学院讲师，重庆大学山地城镇建设与新技术教育部重点实验室

王晓锋，博士，重庆师范大学长江上游湿地科学研究重庆市重点实验室，讲师

熊森，重庆市开州区汉丰湖国家湿地公园管理局，教授级高级工程师

黄亚洲，重庆市开州区汉丰湖国家湿地公园管理局，高级工程师

刘杨靖，重庆千洲生态环境工程有限公司，工程师

高磊，重庆千洲生态环境工程有限公司，高级工程师

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