刘倩 王缉宪 李云

Liu Qian, Wang Jixian, Li Yun

关键词：停车管理；交通需求管理；公交可达性；停车共享；价格机制；可持续交通

Keywords：Parking Management; Transport Demand Management; Transit Accessibility; Parking Sharing; Pricing Mechanism; Sustainable Transportation

摘要：

对停车进行控制和管理已成为国际上普遍采用的限制小汽车使用的有效措施。本文从路径依赖的视角，对欧美等发达国家（或地区）可持续停车政策的实施情景进行分析，归纳了“被动限制”“积极管控”和“限制拥车与停车管理一体化”等基本类型，并从“供给紧缩”和“精细管理”两个层面，详述了纽约、伦敦和香港的停车管理措施。结合国际停车管理的实践，并结合中国城市的特征，文章第三部分从停车共享、价格机制、停车供给和土地利用的互动三个层面讨论了中国停车管理改革的可能路径。本文对国际停车管理经验的介绍和讨论，对推动中国停车管理改革，促进可持续交通的发展具有一定参考价值。

Abstract：

Parking management has become an effective and widely accepted measure to limit car use worldwide. This paper compares the characteristics of parking policies imposed in different world regions (or cities), in consideration of their historical and urban contexts. The study summarizes three major types including passive constraint, proactive management and comprehensive management, and introduces parking management measures in New York, London and Hong Kong from the perspectives of “supply constraint” and “contextspecific management”. In the consideration of international practices and the characteristics of Chinese cities, part three of this paper discusses the possible path of parking reforms in China from three aspects of parking sharing, pricing mechanism and parking-land use integration. The paper is of significance in pushing forward sustainability-oriented parking reforms and promoting sustainable transport in China.

刘倩，博士，深圳大学建筑与城市规划学院，助理教授。liuqian-chair@126.com
王缉宪 ，博士，“一带一路”国际合作香港中心研究总监。jwang@hku.hk
李云，博士 ，深圳大学建筑与城市规划学院，讲师。li_yun@szu.edu.cn

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