张祥智 崔栋

Zhang Xiangzhi, Cui Dong

关键词：新加坡；封闭社区；公寓；演变特征；社会空间效应；居住街区

Keywords：Singapore; Gated Communities; Condominium; Evolution Characteristics; Social-Spatial Effects; Residential District

摘要：

随着封闭社区这种居住模式在理论和政策层面被相继否定，我国的居住模式正处在从封闭向开放转型的关键节点上。新加坡的封闭公寓社区体现出明显的地方特征，其利弊得失可资借鉴。本文介绍了新加坡封闭公寓社区的概念及私人公寓、执行共管公寓、中等入息公寓三种主要类型；分初步发展阶段、波动发展阶段、多元发展阶段梳理其演变过程；从空间分布、建设方式、驱动因素三方面阐释其演变特征。最后，本文分析了新加坡封闭公寓社区在社会空间影响方面体现出的矛盾特征与积极效应，并对我国的居住区规划提出了建议，认为应进一步明确开放街区的内涵，渐进实施既有住区的“类街区化”更新，充分发挥政策的引导作用，并尽快完善、修订配套政策。

Abstract：

As the residential mode of gated communities has been negated from the policy and theoretical levels, China’s residential model is at a critical node from the closed to the open. Gated condominium estates in Singapore have obvious local characteristics, and its advantages and disadvantages can be used for reference. This paper introduces the concept of gated condominium estates in Singapore and its three main types: private condominiums, executive condominiums and HUDC estates. It is divided into three stages: preliminary development stage, undulatory development stage and pluralistic development stage, which combs its evolution process, and then explores its characteristics from the perspective of spatial distribution, construction methods and driving forces. Finally, it analyzes the contradictory characteristics and positive effects of the gated condominium estates in Singapore in terms of its social-space impact, and some suggestions on residential district planning in China are put forward. It is believed that the connotation of open blocks should be further clarified, the “quasi-block” renewal of existing residential areas should be gradually implemented, the guiding role of policies should be brought into full play, and the supporting policies should be improved and revised as soon as possible.

张祥智，博士，天津城建大学建筑学院，教授。zhangxiangzhi@126.com

崔栋，天津城建大学建筑学院，硕士研究生

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