张昕艺 夏菁 孙斌栋

Zhang Xinyi, Xia Jing, Sun Bindong

关键词：社会市场模式；单一制；成本型租赁住房；德国；柏林

Keywords：Socio-Market Model; Unitary System; Cost Renting; Germany; Berlin

摘要：

与大部分国家发展的“二元化”租赁住房体制不同，德国在社会市场模式下发展了“单一制”租赁住房供应体系。德国对这一体系的坚持，表现在其住房市场拥有的低自持率、高租赁比例、低房价收入比，维持了住房市场的健康发展。本文认为“单一制”租赁住房体系成功的关键在于对非营利市场与营利市场的整合，这极大地确保了租赁市场的多样化与竞争性，为成本型租赁住宅的供给提供了市场吸引力，也为租房的供给端应对各类需求变化预留了弹性。本文就“单一制”租赁住房体系中的“两层租金管理制度”、住房合作社、“租同权”三项内容做实施评价。在此基础上，对柏林的租房发展现状展开具体描摹，以期作为“单一制”租赁住房体系的运作案例典范，并提出了对我国完善大城市租赁住房体系的建议。

Abstract：

Different from the ‘duality system’ in most countries, Germany has developed a ‘unitary system’ of the rental-housing market under its socio-market model. With its low owner-occupied rate, high rental rate and low price-income ratio, the housing market in Germany is an excellent reflection of a healthy developed housing market that choose and stick to the unitary system. This paper holds that the key to the success of the unitary rental-housing system is the integration of the non-profit and profit-making market, which greatly ensures the diversity and competitiveness of the rental market, making the cost-renting houses attractive to the suppliers in the market, while providing flexibility for the supply of rental housing to cope with various changes in demand. This paper evaluates the implementation of the ‘two-tier rent management system’, the housing cooperatives, and the ‘protection of tenants’ rights’ in the unitary house-renting system. On this basis, the paper shows the development of Berlin’s rental-housing market as a case model under the unitary system, thereby providing suggestions on the rental-housing market of large cities in China.

张昕艺，清华大学建筑学院，硕士研究生

夏菁（通信作者），清华大学建筑学院，博士后。Seu_sum@163.com

孙斌栋，华东师范大学城市与区域科学学院，教授

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