明娟 王明亮 张艺

Ming Juan, Wang Mingliang, Zhang Yi

关键词：社会住房；社会住房协会；融资与运营机制；政策工具；制度优势

Keywords：Social Housing; Social Housing Associations; Financing and Operating Mechanism; Policy Tools; Institutional Advantages

摘要：

作为北欧福利型国家典型代表的丹麦，长期以来在对社会住房部门持续投入的同时利用规章制度来强化竞争绩效，建立并维持了一套覆盖宽泛且保障质量高的普惠性社会住房体系。非营利性的社会住房协会承担住房供给，实现了准公共产品的第三方有效供给；成本租金定价、承租者参与式管理、租房补贴与社会住房建设投资并行、排队轮候与指定优先居住相结合、新建审批与规划调控互补使用等措施探索，在维持社会公平的前提下提升了供给效率，展现了独特的制度优势。中国保障性住房体系建设可借鉴丹麦经验，未来从引入第三方供给、构建共担式筹资机制、优化政府干预与调控手段等几个方向进行完善。

Abstract：

As a typical representative of the Nordic welfare state, Denmark has established a social housing system that covers a wide range of populations and guarantees high quality. Denmark’s social housing system benefits from a sustainable public financial support, and regulations aiming to improve the performance of the non-profit social housing organizations. These non-profit organizations, named social housing associations, provide an effective supply of third-party products. This housing system has a unique capability to balance the equality and efficiency, because of a series of policy explorations in rent principles, resident democracy, rent subsidies, government direct investment, housing allocation, and the planning approval processes. The social housing development experience of Denmark brings several important implications to China, particularly on improving the productivity of Chinese affordable housing. These lessons include raising the proportion of third-party supply in rental markets, creating a co-funding mechanism for social housings, and adjusting the government intervention and control.

明娟，博士，广东工业大学经济与贸易学院，副教授

王明亮，博士，广东工业大学经济与贸易学院，教授

张艺（通信作者），博士，广东工业大学经济与贸易学院，讲师。yizhang17@gdut.edu.cn

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