王垚 钮心毅

Wang Yao, Niu Xinyi

关键词：城际出行；长三角地区；城市群；功能多中心；规划响应

Keywords：Intercity Trips; The Yangtze River Delta; Urban Agglomeration; Functional Polycentricity; Planning Responses

摘要：

本文以移动定位大数据测度城际出行联系，分析长三角城市群核心区的功能多中心特征，并将其与理想模式进行对照，以期推进长三角城市群核心区功能多中心的研究，丰富功能多中心理论。文章通过手机信令数据测算了长三角城市群核心区城市之间在工作日、周末、节假日三个时间段的城际出行，从功能联系强度、功能联系对称性、功能组群三个方面测度功能多中心特征。研究发现，（1）当前长三角城市群核心区整体呈现内外交互的多中心模式，具有不平衡的功能多中心特征。同时，功能多中心具有时空特征，工作日、周末、节假日三个时间段的特征有显著差异。（2）与理想模式相比，周末时段内功能多中心程度最高，工作日时段内功能多中心程度最低。三个时间段内的功能多中心不平衡特征受区域发展不平衡的影响。本文建议长三角城市群空间规划从以下三方面作出规划响应：一是围绕上海、南京、杭州和宁波形成都市圈；二是构建城际铁路与高速铁路相互结合的交通设施体系；三是保障商业和公共服务设施均衡化，以构建相对均衡的功能多中心格局。

Abstract：

This paper analyzes the characteristics of functional polycentricity in the core area of the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration by using mobile positioning big data to measure the intercit trip relationships. The measured functional polycentricity is compared with the ideal model to promote the research of the Yangtze River Delta and to enrich the theory of functional polycentricity. Mobile phone signaling data is used to calculate intercity trips in the Yangtze River Delta during three time periods including weekdays, weekends and holidays. Then the characteristics of functional polycentricity are examined from the three aspects of functional connection strength, functional connection symmetry and functional group. Firstly, it finds that this area has a feature of exchange interaction model and shows the unbalanced functional polycentric features. Besides, the functional polycentricity has the spatial-temporal characteristic in three time periods, which means its functional polycentricity characteristics in weekdays, weekends, and holidays are significantly different. The differences result from the impact of regional imbalances. Secondly, compared with the ideal model, the degree of polycentricity is the highest in the weekends and the lowest in the weekdays in the core area of the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration. Thus, this paper suggests the spatial planning of the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration make three planning responses to build a relatively balanced functional polycentricity pattern, which include forming the metropolitan area around Shanghai, Nanjing, Hangzhou and Ningbo, building the transportation facilities system involving the intercity railway and the high-speed railway, ensuring the balance of commercial and public service facilities.

王垚，博士，苏州科技大学建筑与城市规划学院，长三角人居环境碳中和发展研究院，讲师，硕士生导师。245540789@qq.com

钮心毅（通信作者），博士，同济大学建筑与城市规划学院，自然资源部国土空间智能规划技术重点实验室，教授，博士生导师。niuxinyi@tongji.edu.cn

• [1] 闫东升, 杨槿, 高金龙. 长江三角洲人口与经济的非均衡格局及其影响因素研究[J]. 地理科学, 2018, 38(3): 376-384.

  [2] 彼得·霍尔, 凯西·佩恩. 多中心大都市: 来自欧洲巨型城市区域的经验[M]. 罗震东, 等译. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 2010.

  [3] MEIJERS E, ROMEIN A. Realizing potential: building regional organizing capacity in polycentric urban regions[J]. European urban and regional studies, 2003, 10(2): 173-186.

  [4] PARR J. The polycentric urban region: a closer inspection[J]. Regional studies, 2004, 38(3): 231-240.

  [5] MEIJERS E. Synergy in polycentric urban regions: complementarity, organising capacity and critical mass[M]. Delft: Delft University Press, 2007.

  [6] WATERHOUT B, ZONNEVELD W, MEIJERS E. Polycentric development policies in Europe: overview and debate[J]. Built environment, 2005, 31(2): 163-173.

  [7] KLOOSTERMAN R C, MUSTERD S. The polycentric urban region: towards a research agenda[J]. Urban studies, 2001, 38(4): 623-633.

  [8] DAVOUDI S. Polycentricity in European spatial planning: from an analytical tool to a normative agenda[J]. European planning studies, 2003, 11(8): 979-999.

  [9] HALBERT L, CONVERY F J, THIERSTEIN A. Ref lections on the polycentric metropolis[J]. Built environment, 2006, 32(2): 110-113.

  [10] HOHENBERG P M, LEES L H. The making of urban Europe, 1000-1994: with a new preface and a new chapter[M]. Harvard University Press, 1995.

  [11] TAYLOR P J. External urban relational process: introducing central flow theory to complement central place theory[J]. Urban studies, 2010, 47(13): 2803-2818.

  [12] 张京祥, 罗小龙, 殷洁. 长江三角洲多中心城市区域与多层次管治[J]. 国际城市规划, 2008, 23(1): 65-69.

  [13] 杨春. 多中心跨境城市—区域的多层级管治——以大珠江三角洲为例[J]. 国际城市规划, 2008(1): 79-84.

  [14] 罗震东, 朱查松. 解读多中心：形态，功能与治理[J]. 国际城市规划, 2008, 23(1): 85-88.

  [15] 赵渺希, 钟烨, 徐高峰. 中国三大城市群多中心网络的时空演化[J]. 经济地理, 2015, 35(3): 53-59.

  [16] LIU X, DERUDDER B, WU K. Measuring polycentric urban development in China: an intercity transportation network perspective[J]. Regional studies, 2016, 50(8): 1302-1315.

  [17] BURGER M, MEIJERS E. Form follows function? linking morphological and functional polycentricity[J]. Urban studies, 2012, 49(5): 1127-1149.

  [18] GREEN N. Functional polycentricity: a formal definition in terms of social network analysis[J]. Urban studies, 2007, 44(11): 2077-2103.

  [19] HALL P, MARSHALL S, LOWE M. The changing urban hierarchy in England and Wales, 1913-1998[J]. Regional studies, 2001, 35(9): 775-807.

  [20] URRY J. Social networks, travel and talk[J]. The British journal of sociology, 2003, 54(2): 155-175.

  [21] STORPER M, VENABLES A J. Buzz: face-to-face contact and the urban economy[J]. Journal of economic geography, 2004, 4(4): 351-370.

  [22] BATTY M. Exploring isovist fields: space and shape in architectural and urban morphology[J]. Environment and planning b: planning and design, 2001, 28(1): 123-150.

  [23] SOHN J. Are commuting patterns a good indicator of urban spatial structure?[J]. Journal of transport geography, 2005, 13(4): 306-317.

  [24] LAMBOOY J G. Polynucleation and economic development: the Randstad[J]. European planning studies, 1998, 6(4): 457-466.

  [25] HALL P, TEWDWR-JONES M. Urban and regional planning[M]. Routledge, 2010.

  [26] ZHONG C, ARISONA S M, HUANG X, et al. Detecting the dynamics of urban structure through spatial network analysis[J]. International journal of geographical information science, 2014, 28(11): 2178-2199.

  [27] ZHONG C. Urban transformation towards polycentricity: detecting functional urban changes in Singapore from transportation data[D]. Zurich: ETH Zurich, 2014.

  [28] SARKAR S, WU H, LEVINSON D M. Measuring polycentricity via network flows, spatial interaction and percolation[J]. Urban studies, 2020, 57(12): 2402-2422.

  [29] LAAN V D. Changing urban systems: an empirical analysis at two spatial levels[J]. Regional studies, 1998, 32(3): 235-247.

  [30] BURGER M J, GOEI B D, LAAN L V D, et al. Heterogeneous development of metropolitan spatial structure: evidence from commuting patterns in English and Welsh city-regions, 1981-2001[J]. Cities, 2011, 28(2): 160-170.

  [31] LIMTANAKOOL N, DIJST M, SCHWANEN T. A theoretical framework and methodology for characterising national urban systems on the basis of flows of people: empirical evidence for France and Germany[J]. Urban studies, 2007, 44(11): 2123-2145.

  [32] CHAMPION A G. A changing demographic regime and evolving poly centric urban regions: consequences for the size, composition and distribution of city populations[J]. Urban studies, 2001, 38(4): 657-677.

  [33] LAMBREGTS B. Polycentrism: boon or barrier to metropolitan competitiveness? the case of the Randstad Holland[J]. Built environment, 2006, 32(2): 114-123.

  [34] RATTI C, WILLIAMS S, FRENCHMAN D, et al. Mobile landscapes: using location data from cell phones for urban analysis[J]. Environment and planning b: planning and design, 2006, 33(5): 727.

  [35] BECKER R A, CACERES R, HANSON K, et al. A tale of one city: using cellular network data for urban planning[J]. IEEE pervasive computing, 2011, 10(4): 18-26.

  [36] 钮心毅, 丁亮, 宋小冬. 基于手机数据识别上海中心城的城市空间结构[J]. 城市规划学刊, 2014(6): 61-67.

  [37] 张天然. 基于手机信令数据的上海市域职住空间分析[J]. 城市交通, 2016(1): 15-23.

  [38] 丁亮, 钮心毅, 宋小冬. 上海中心城就业中心体系测度——基于手机信令数据的研究[J]. 地理学报, 2016, 71(3): 484-499.

  [39] 王德, 王灿, 谢栋灿, 等. 基于手机信令数据的上海市不同等级商业中心商圈的比较——以南京东路、五角场、鞍山路为例[J]. 城市规划学刊, 2015(3): 50-60.

  [40] 王垚, 钮心毅, 宋小冬, 等. 人流联系和经济联系视角下区域城市关联比较——基于手机信令数据和企业关联数据的研究[J]. 人文地理, 2018, 33(2): 84-91.

  [41] 钮心毅, 丁亮, 宋小冬. 基于职住空间关系分析上海郊区新城发展状况[J]. 城市规划, 2017(8): 41-47.

  [42] 钮心毅, 康宁, 王垚, 等. 手机信令数据支持城镇体系规划的技术框架[J]. 地理信息世界, 2019, 26(1): 18-24.

  [43] 丁亮, 宋小冬, 钮心毅. 城市空间结构的功能联系特征探讨——以上海中心城区为例[J]. 城市规划, 2019, 43(12): 107-116.

  [44] TAYLOR P J. Specification of the world city network[J]. Geographical analysis, 2001, 33(2): 181-194.

  [45] NEAL Z. Differentiating centrality and power in the world city network[J]. Urban studies, 2011, 48(10): 2733-2748.

  [46] 王垚, 钮心毅, 宋小冬.“ 流空间”视角下区域空间结构研究进展[J]. 国际城市规划, 2017(6): 27-33. DOI: 10.22217/upi.2017.012.

  [47] NEWMAN M E J. Fast algorithm for detecting community structure in networks[J]. Physical review e, 2004, 69(6): 066133.

  [48] RATTI C, SOBOLEVSKY S, CALABRESE R, et al. Redrawing the map of great Britain from a network of human interactions[J]. PloS one, 2010, 5(12): 1-6.

  [49] BLONDEL V, KRINGS G. THOMAS I. Regions and borders of mobile telephony in Belgium and in the Brussels metropolitan zone[J]. Brussels studies, 2010, 42(4):1-6.

  [50] GRADY D, BRUNE R, THIEMANN C, et al. Modularity maximization and tree clustering: novel ways to determine effective geographic borders[J]. Springer optimization and its applications, 2011, 57(29): 169-208.

  [51] JIANG B. Head/tail breaks: a new classification scheme for data with a heavy-tailed distribution[J]. The professional geographer, 2013, 65(3): 482-494.

  [52] European Commission. European spatial development perspective (ESDP): towards balanced and sustainable development of the territory of the EU[R]. Brussels: European Commission, 1999.

  [53] 钮心毅, 王垚, 刘嘉伟, 等. 基于跨城功能联系的上海都市圈空间结构研究[J]. 城市规划学刊, 2018(5): 80-87.

  
  

• 收起