侯君 陈汉云 孟庆贺 吕飞

Hou Jun, Chan Edwin Hon Wan, Meng Qinghe, Lyu Fei

关键词：发展权转移；私人历史建筑；市场机制；制度安排；社会公平；公众参与

Keywords：Transfer of Development Rights (TDR); Private-owned Built Heritage; Market Mechanism; Institutional Arrangement; Social Equity; Public Participation

摘要：

发展权转移（TDR）被认为是不需要动用公共资金就可以保护历史建筑和其他资源，同时又尊重私人产权的“双赢”市场机制，在国际上得到广泛应用。然而一些城市或地区中的TDR相关制度不完备，缺乏有效的支持政策，使得TDR在解决了历史建筑保护问题的同时又产生了一系列新问题。本文首先介绍香港与TDR相关的当地制度体系，然后以香港圣公会建筑群和卡里克大宅两个引起较大争议的TDR项目为案例，通过调查和访谈，从管理、社区和项目维度系统解析TDR在香港的运作中存在的问题——其难以在尊重私有产权、合理利用公共资源与保护历史建筑三者之间取得平衡，各部门之间缺乏沟通和协调，尚未建立明确和公平的市场机制等制度困境。最后文章从制度安排的三个层面即法制法规、管理和操作层面提出制度优化策略，以期为高密度城市利用TDR机制保护历史建筑提供参考。

Abstract：

Transfer of Development Rights (TDR) is considered as a win-win market mechanism to achieve the objective of built heritage conservation as well as respecting the private property rights without using public fund, and is utilized worldwide. However, due to the lack of TDR related institutional arrangement and effective supporting policy in some cities, it also cause a series of new problems. Firstly, this paper introduces the local institutional system related to TDR in Hong Kong. Then taking two controversial TDR projects of Hong Kong as cases, it systematically analyzes the problems of TDR from three dimensions, namely governance, community, and program through investigation and interview. Besides, the paper points out the institutional difficulties in TDR, including the difficulties of balancing private property rights, public resources and historical building conservation, coordination of inter-governmental departments and establishing fair market mechanism. Finally, the strategies to improve institutional arrangement from three perspectives of constitution, governance and operation are proposed.

侯君，博士，合肥工业大学，讲师；香港理工大学，研究助理；注册城乡规划师。houjun.hit@163.com

陈汉云，香港理工大学，教授。edwin.chan@polyu.edu.hk

孟庆贺，哈尔滨工业大学，博士研究生。hitmqh@126.com

吕飞（通信作者），博士，苏州科技大学，教授，注册城乡规划师。lvf@usts.edu.cn

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