田颖 高淑敏

Tian Ying, Gao Shumin

关键词：尺度；数字孪生城市；复杂系统；城市信息模型；生命系统理论

Keywords：Scale; Digital Twin City; Complex System;City Information (Intelligent) Model (CIM); Life System Theory

摘要：

“数字孪生”概念近年来在航天、机械制造、城市等领域均有一定发展。但在数字孪生城市的发展与实践中，实现城市系统间的数据互通与融合，支撑公共服务、经济产业发展、基础设施服务和规划管理等多维度的智能分析和决策仍在探索之中。由于尺度是认知复杂系统的基础，数字孪生城市在不同尺度下的主体及其规则不尽相同，因而孪生实践在不同尺度下的设计侧重点也不同。本文从生态系统理论的视角认识数字孪生城市，首先将数字孪生城市作为一个整体进行研究，将其分为细胞、器官、系统、生命体四个尺度。然后分析总结各个尺度的数字孪生实践现状，提出要构建符合系统理论的数字孪生城市尺度体系框架。最后提出三点构建体系框架的建议：明确不同尺度的主体和规则差异；提供针对不同尺度设计需求的技术方案；保证多尺度间的协同，以期达到通过数字孪生城市建设提升城市运行效率和居民生活舒适度的目标。

Abstract：

The concept of digital twin has developed rapidly in recent years and has achieved certain results in aerospace, machinery manufacturing and urban areas. This paper uses the ecological system theory to understand the digital twin city, and takes the digital twin city as a system which is composed of five scales: cells, tissues, organs, systems, and living bodies. However, with the development and practice of digital twin cities, it is still under exploration to realize real-time monitoring and data fusion between urban systems, and to support multi-dimensional intelligent analysis and decision-making in public services, economic industries, infrastructure and planning management. Since scale is the basis of cognitive complex systems, the subjects and rules of digital twin cities at different scales are also different, which can result in different design priorities for twinning practices at different scales. Therefore, this paper firstly understands the digital twin city from the system theory, studies the digital twin city as a whole. Second, it is divided into four scales: cell, organ, system, and living body; then we suggest to build a digital twin city scale system framework that conforms to the system theory. At last, three suggestions for building the system framework are put forward: to clarify the differences between subjects and rules at different scales; to provide technical solutions for design requirements at different scales; to ensure collaboration between multiple scales so as to achieve the goal of improving urban operation efficiency and residents' living comfort through digital twin city construction.

田颖，清华大学建筑学院，博士研究生；中规院（北京）规划设计有限公司，规划师。851229116@qq.com

高淑敏，硕士，中规院（北京）规划设计有限公司，规划师

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