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2015年第4期   DOI:
社区建成环境和交通行为研究回顾与展望:以美国为鉴
Examining the Relationship Between Neighborhood Built Environment and Travel Behavior: A Review from the US Perspective

曹新宇

Jason Cao

关键词:城镇化;土地利用;精明增长;交通;交通需求

Keywords:Urbanization; Land Use; Smart Growth; Transportation; Travel Demand

摘要:

西方国家各级政府已经采用各种土地利用和交通政策来抑制蔓延式发展的负面效应。西方规划和交通学者通过分析建成环境和交通行为的关系来评价这些政策的作用,并取得了丰硕的成果。这对西方国家的规划实践具有重要的指导意义。中国近年的城市发展已经呈现出美国的蔓延式发展特征。它的负面效应也逐渐显现出来。然而,由于中国建成环境和交通行为的研究起步较晚,很多方面亟待学习和发展。本文主要以美国的研究进程为例,回顾了建成环境和交通行为研究理念、方法和理论基础的演变,总结了以往的研究问题和成果,并结合中国的实际对学术前沿的热点问题进行展望。

Abstract:

Governments in developed countries have adopted various land use and transportation policies to counter the effects of urban sprawl. Many scholars have examined the relationships between the built environment and travel behavior to evaluate the effectiveness of the policies. The insightful research outcomes have guided urban planning practice in developed countries. Recent urban development in China seems to follow the pattern of the USA and its negative consequences have emerged. However, because the research on built environment and travel behavior is still in its infant stage, domestic scholars need to learn from international research practice and develop our own research agenda. Based on the research progress of the USA, this paper introduces the evolution of research motivation, method, and theoretical foundation, summarizes research questions and outcomes, and makes recommendations for future cutting-edge research.

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作者简介:

曹新宇,博士,美国明尼苏达大学公共事务学院,副教授,博士生导师。cao@umn.edu

译者简介:

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