张贝贝 刘云刚

Zhang Beibei, Liu Yungang

关键词：多摩新城；卧城；转型；日本

Keywords：Tama New Town; Commuter Town; Transition; Japan

摘要：

在我国的新城规划中，避免将新城建设成为“卧城”似乎是一条公认的原则。然而纵观世界各地的新城实践，新城的职住平衡又似乎很难实现。建设“卧城”是否一定不可取？应如何看待新城规划中的职住平衡问题?本文在综述既有研究的基础上，从“卧城”长远发展的角度来探讨这些问题。以日本东京城市圈的多摩新城为例，采用文献分析法分析了新城的生命周期，并将重点放在1990年代初日本泡沫经济破灭后，在社会经济环境的急剧变化中新城的发展与转型上。研究表明，新城规划不应对“卧城”进行全盘否定，新城的职住平衡问题也不应只局限于新城内部及其周边地区，而应置于区域背景下考虑，并在未来的社会经济发展变化中与区域的规划一起调整，两者应保持紧密协调的关系。

Abstract：

In China, new town planning usually avoids building new town into commuter town. However, new town constructions over the world show that it seems impossible to build a completely self-contained new town. Is commuter town certainly undesirable? How to deal with the jobs-housing balance in new town? Based on reviewing existing literature, this paper adopts a long-term perspective to examine the development of commuter town to explore these questions. This paper chooses Tama New Town in Japan as a case study. It particularly focuses on the development of Tama New Town after 1990s, when the economic bubble burst and Japanese society was under a rapid social-economic transition. It concludes that, commuter town should not be denied completely; the job-housing balance of new town should be considered under a regional perspective rather than limited within the new town and its surrounding areas; new town planning should adopt a regional and dynamic perspective that the development of new town and the region should be considered together and be adjusted according to the changing social-economic situation.

张贝贝，加拿大滑铁卢大学规划系，硕士研究生。beibei.zhang@uwaterloo.ca
刘云刚（通信作者），中山大学地理科学与规划学院，教授。liuyung@mail.sysu.edu.cn

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