甘新越 陈建滨

Gan Xinyue, Chen Jianbin

关键词：原居安老；养老服务设施规划；意大利；米兰；意大利养老福利模式

Keywords：Aging in Place; Old-age Facilities Planning; Italy; Milan; Italian Pension Model

摘要：

面对日渐加剧的老龄化问题和“家庭依赖”养老模式的弊端，意大利开始逐步推进“原居安老”模式改革。本文以意大利改革较为成功的北部地区中心城市米兰为例，通过调查研究原居安老服务设施现状情况，归纳其两级三类的分级分类内在逻辑，剖析其设施空间布局、建设方式和运营策略三方面的规律和特征，并在此基础上提出针对我国现实情况的原居安老服务设施规划建设的经验与启示。

Abstract：

In the face of the increasing aging problems and the disadvantages of the “family dependence” pension model, Italy has promoted the reform of the “aging in place” model gradually. Taking Milan as an example, which is the central city of the northern region where Italy’s reform is more successful, and through investigating and studying the status of the aging in place service facilities, this paper summarizes the internal logic of the hierarchical classifications of the facilities divided into twolevel and three categories, and also analyzes the characteristics of the spatial layout, construction mode and operation strategy of the facilities, and on this basis, puts forward the experience and enlightenment for the current planning and construction of the aging in place service facilities in China.

甘新越，注册城乡规划师，四川省城乡建设研究院城市更新中心，工程师；四川省国土空间规划研究院，规划师。gan-xin-yue@qq.com
陈建滨，注册城乡规划师，成都市规划设计研究院，主任规划师。441239677@qq.com

• [1] 中共中央. 中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划纲要[M]. 北京: 人民出版社, 2016.
  [2] 姚栋. 大城市“原居安老”的空间措施研究[J]. 城市规划学刊, 2015(4): 83-90.
  [3] 于一凡, 田菲, 贾淑颖. 上海市社区居家养老服务设施体系研究[J]. 建筑学报, 2016(10): 93-97.
  [4] PAVOLINI E, RANCI C. Restructuring the welfare state: reforms in longterm care in Western European countries[J]. Journal of European social policy, 2008, 18(3): 246-259. https://doi.org/10.1177/0958928708091058.
  [5] RANCI C. Crisis and transformation of the Italian care model: beyond familism, the role of the market and public policies[C]. ESPA-Net Annual Conference, Vienna, 2007.
  [6] COSTA G. Long-term care Italian policies: a case of inertial institutional change[M] // RANCI C, PAVOLINI E, eds. Reforms in long term care policies in Europe. New York: Springer, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4502-9_11.
  [7] ALBER J. A framework for the comparative study of social services[J]. Journal of European social policy, 1995, 5(2): 131-149. https://doi.org/10.1177/095892879500500204.
  [8] COSTA G, GIUNCO F. Feeling well, feeling at home? a research among elderly people living in non-standard housing solutions in Lombardy[C]. Well-Being 2013: Designs on Well-being, Exploring Responses to the Well-being Agenda, Birmingham, 2013.
  [9] 范若冰. 意大利社区老年中心失智症针对性设计策略与理论研究[D]. 北京: 清华大学, 2018.
  [10] 上海城市规划设计研究院. 上海市养老服务设施布局专项规划[R]. 2014.
  [11] 唐子来, 顾姝. 再议上海市中心城区公共绿地分布的社会绩效评价：从社会公平到社会正义[J]. 城市规划学刊, 2016(1): 15-21.
  [12] 吴庆东, 张龄, 冉凌风. 城市老社区公共服务设施发展困境与优化对策研究——以陆家嘴地区为例[J]. 上海城市规划, 2012(1): 49-54.
  [13] 于一凡. 社区居家养老服务设施的规划配置研究[J]. 南方建筑, 2019(2): 1-4.
  [14] 殷洁, 彭仲仁. 积极老龄化：美国活跃退休社区对中国养老社区建设的启示[J]. 国际城市规划, 2017, 32(6): 125-131. DOI: 10.22217/upi.2016.264.

• 收起